Scope

The scope of a name is the region of source code in which the name can be used.

Related concepts:  NameLifetime

Closest Wikipedia entry:  Scope (computer science) — In computer programming, the scope of a name binding (an association of a name to an entity, such as a variable) is the part of a program where the name binding is valid; that is, where the name can be used to refer to the entity. In other parts of the program, the name may refer to a different entity (it may have a different binding), or to nothing at all (it may be unbound). Scope helps prevent name collisions by allowing the same name to refer to different objects – as long as the names have separate scopes.

Misconceptions about Scope

8 documented Misconceptions

ControlledLocalAccess — Java

One can control access to local variables using access modifiers

ForVariableScopeBeyondLoop — Java

The scope of variables declared in a for loop header extends beyond the loop

FunctionsCannotBeImmediatelyInvoked — JavaScript

Functions cannot be called in the expression in which they are defined

FunctionsMustBeNamed — JavaScript

Every function definition requires an associated name

LoopBodyScopeImpliesLoopLifetime — Java

Lifetime of variables declared in a loop body extends across all loop iterations

NoGlobalObject — JavaScript

There isn't a global object

OnlyRuntimeLibraryPackages — Java

Only the creators of the JDK can create packages

UnqualifiedNamesMustDiffer — Java

The unqualified names of different classes must be different